Population

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I’ve long been fascinated by China – probably the result of reading James Clavell’s novels as a kid and my father’s tales of two years spent in Hong Kong in the Fifties! My own trip to Hong Kong 20 years ago further inflamed my fascination with the country and its culture, but a bus ride out to the New Territories to take a peek through the border fence was as close as I came to seeing the country proper.

So reading Alan Paul’s new book on expat life in China has been a real eye-opener.

Big in China

In Big in China Alan reveals a world of sequestered expatdom. The multinational ranks he depicts are cloistered together in compounds boasting well-maintained streets lined by large houses, with clubhouses, gyms and swimming pools. The kids go to the international school together and play at each others’ homes. There are family sports days, barbecues, dinners with friends.

For many daily life is made easy by cheap domestic help – cooks, cleaners, drivers and nannies are par for the course, creating a luxurious lifestyle only a few could expect to have back home.

As Alan observes, it is all too easy to become immersed in this expat bubble – a world of privilege, ease and security.

Yet it is also one of sterility. And to his credit, Alan is determined not to become a prisoner behind the expat gates. Instead, he is keen to find the China that exists for its population. He relates his adventures as he cycles off by himself to explore the local villages and countryside, his journeys into the hinterland, his efforts to learn the language, make friends and taste the ‘real’ China, from its food on up.

The picture of China that emerges is just as complex as the one gleaned from inches of newspaper and magazine columns, with all its beauty and ugliness. Yet it is coloured by great insights into the immense joys and frustrations that life in China offers for expatriates.

Pros and cons

As a growing economic (and political) powerhouse, China presents an extraordinary opportunity for expat entrepreneurs and employees on assignment to make their mark, and a lot of money.

But China has much else to offer besides a step up the career ladder. Its beautiful and varied landscapes, and diverse cultural riches dating back thousands of years are incentives enough for many inquisitive foreigners.

As becomes evident from reading Alan’s book, there are inevitable challenges to living in China too.

For one, there is the language barrier. There are important cultural differences in terms of the structure of society and individuals’ interactions with each to navigate as well – many of which it can be nigh on impossible to fully grasp as an outsider.

Issues such as media censorship and political repression may come as a stark counterpoint to the societal norms to which expats are accustomed.

In addition, there is a real risk of physical isolation and introversion creeping in. As Alan relates in his book, for one thing it is notoriously difficult to obtain something as simple as a Chinese driving licence. Yet without it you lack the freedom of movement we take for granted back home.

China’s notorious pollution, with all the health risks it poses, is another problem that the country is only belatedly trying to tackle.

In short, China is hardly the easiest place in the world for an expat to move to. But what it does promise is one big and exciting adventure of life-changing proportions. Just ask Alan.

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The UK is projected to add another 9 million people to its population by 2030, bringing the total to 70 million. And that, says a new report by think tank Forum for the Future[1], will put enormous pressure on the country’s long-term living standards.

The report makes seven recommendations on how to tackle the challenges. They include:

  • Planning for the growth to ensure adequate public services, infrastructure, jobs and training exist.
  • Trying to change attitudes to consumption.
  • Improving family planning to reduce the birth rate.
  • Having an objective discussion on immigration, to discuss its benefits and discover ways to reduce the economic, social and environmental drivers that incite people to migrate.

 

As the think tank points out, population and immigration issues are hot political potatoes. Nevertheless, immigration has returned to the mainstream political agenda for the first time in years, as was evidenced during the recent UK election.

Indeed, the Government has just announced a new measure (the first in a series) to tighten immigration policy, in the form of an English language test for spouses and unmarried couples. This will require all non-European migrants to demonstrate a decent grasp of English before they can receive a visa.

According to Theresa May, the government’s Home Secretary: “The new English requirement for spouses will help promote integration, remove cultural barriers and protect public services.”

For expatriates of all stripes, local language knowledge is certainly a huge part of the integration equation. Without it, you are condemned to remain on the sidelines of society, restricted in your ability to make friends and deal with everything from local shopkeepers to the gas company.

The UK government’s initiative therefore sounds fair enough. I wonder how we would feel though if other countries – say Mexico or the United Arab Emirates – put onerous language restrictions in place on expatriates from English-speaking countries like the United States, Britain and Australia?


[1] Growing Pains: Population and Sustainability in the UK, Forum for the Future, http://www.forumforthefuture.org/files/population_web.pdf

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Research this week from the House of Commons Library suggests England’s population will have shot up by 17 million people by 2056, taking the total for England alone to 67.9 million. The cause: more births, people living longer, and large immigration flows.

 

Indeed, the latter point appears to be gaining increasing significance, according to the National Statistician, Karen Dunnell. Her research, reports the Daily Mail, reveals that from 1992-96 (when the Conservatives were in government) ‘natural change’ as a result of people living longer or having more children was the biggest contributor to UK population growth. This accounted for an additional 582,604 people, compared to 143,112 from net migration and other factors.

 

However, under Labour, points out the Mail, net migration has taken over as the primary factor behind population growth. From 1997-2001, migrants and other factors added 532,652 people to the total, whereas 416,471 came from natural change. And from 2002 to 2006 net migration climbed to 932,999 people, almost double the 528,429 increase that stemmed from natural change.

 

On the flip side, the most recent figures from the Office for National Statistics show that 207,000 British citizens emigrated in 2006, the highest number since current records began in 1991. And from 1997-2007, a total of more than 1.5 million Brits moved abroad. The figure was jumped on by Conservative immigration spokesman Damian Green, who claimed the exodus was a reflection of a decade of life under Labour.

 

Certainly there is a connection in many people’s minds between the two flows (particularly if you browse through the Daily Mail and Telegraph reader message boards). Immigration is making our densely populated little island even more overcrowded, putting more pressure on our already stretched housing stock, and on our health, education and transport systems. As a result, disgruntled Britons are fleeing in their droves in search of a better quality of life elsewhere.

 

This seems an illogical argument to me. You’re fed up with people moving into your country, so you’re going to move to someone else’s instead! And how do you suppose the local population in Spain or Australia or Canada feels about it? Would you blame them if they reacted with hostility to your incursion?

 

I too jumped ship and left England five years ago, so I can understand the motivations involved in migrating somewhere in search of a better life, wherever that may be. And I can only say I hope any legal immigrant to Britain is welcomed as warmly as I have been by the people here. After all, what’s sauce for the goose …

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